Ductus venosus versus cerebral transverse sinus Doppler velocimetry for predicting acidemia at birth in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study is to compare ductus venosus (DV) and cerebral transverse sinus (CTS) Doppler velocimetry for predicting acidemia at birth in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study involving 69 cases. Doppler assessment of the DV and CTS was carried out in the last 24 hours prior to delivery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the accuracy and false-positive and false-negative rates were calculated for those parameters considered to be good predictors of acidemia. The McNemar test was used to compare the various parameters. RESULTS: The DV pulsatility index(PI), S/A, and (S - A)/S ratios as well as the CTS PI and the (S - A)/S ratio were good predictors of acidemia. The comparison between DV and CTS showed that for pulsatility index for veins, the sensitivity was 52.4% versus 66.7%, p = 0.508; the specificity was 81.2% versus 77.1%, p = 0.774; and the accuracy was 72.5% versus 73.9%, p = 1.00. For the (S - A)/S ratio the sensitivity was 52.4% versus 52.4%, p = 1.00; the specificity was 85.4% versus 79.2%, p = 0.508; and the accuracy was 75.4% versus 71%, p = 0.647. CONCLUSIONS: In pregnancies with placental insufficiency, the PI and the (S - A)/S ratio of both DV and CTS were equally effective in predicting acidemia at birth.

[Predictor parameters of neonatal death in gestations with absent or reverse end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery doppler velocimetry]. / Fatores preditores para o óbito neonatal em gestações com diástole zero ou reversa na doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the antenatal and postnatal risk factors of neonatal death in pregnancies with absent (DZ) or reverse (DR) end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery. METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study based on data from 48 medical records of singleton pregnancies with DZ or DR, and gestational age of 24 to 34 weeks, at a maternity in the Brazilian Northeast. Mean age was 27.3 (SD: 7.9) years. Twenty (41.7%) patients were primiparas. Hypertensive disorders were found in 44 (91.7%) cases. Thirty-five women (72.9%) had DZ and 13 (27.1%) had DR. Univariate analysis was firstly done (Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test) correlating the parameters with the assessed outcome (neonatal death). Variables that showed significant association were included in the logistic regression model (Wald statistics). The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: The perinatal mortality rate was 64.6% (31/48). There were five stillbirths and 26 neonatal deaths. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 27.9 (SD: 2.8) weeks. Deliveries before 24 hours after diagnosis occurred in 52.1% of the cases. Cesarean section was performed in 85.4% of the sample. The newborns weighed 975.9 g on average (SD: 457.5). Twenty-four (57.1%) presented Apgar scores below 7 in the first minute and 21.4% in the fifth minute. Gestational age at diagnosis, birth weight and Apgar of the first minute proved to be variables significantly related to neonatal death (p values were: 0.008, 0.004, and 0.020, respectively). The Odds Ratio was 6.6, 25.3 and 13.8 for neonatal death, when the diagnosis was established at the 28th week, weight was <1000 g and first minute Apgar score was <7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Gestational age at diagnosis, birth weight and Apgar score at the first minute were factors that could predict neonatal death in pregnancies with DV or DR determined by umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry.

Fatores preditores para o óbito neonatal em gestações com diástole zero ou reversa na doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical / Predictor parameters of neonatal death in gestations with absent or reverse end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery doppler velocimetry

OBJETIVO: avaliar os fatores de risco antenatais e pós-natais para o óbito neonatal em gestações com diástole zero (DZ) ou reversa (DR) na doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal, retrospectivo, inferencial, a partir de 48 prontuários de gestações únicas com DZ ou DR, idade gestacional entre 24 e 34 semanas, em uma maternidade no Nordeste do Brasil. A média de idade foi de 27,3 anos (DP: 7,9). Vinte (41,7 por cento) eram primigestas. Síndromes hipertensivas foram observadas em 44 (91,7 por cento) casos. Trinta e cinco (72,9 por cento) apresentavam DZ e 13 (27,1 por cento) DR. Procedeu-se inicialmente à análise univariada (teste t de Student e teste Exato de Fisher), relacionando os parâmetros com o desfecho avaliado (óbito neonatal). As variáveis que apresentaram associação significativa foram incluídas no modelo de regressão logística (Estatística de Wald). O nível de significância utilizado foi de 5 por cento. RESULTADOS: a mortalidade perinatal foi de 64,6 por cento (31/48). Ocorreram cinco óbitos fetais e 26 neonatais. A média de idade gestacional no momento do diagnóstico foi de 27,9 (DP: 2,8) semanas. A resolução da gestação antes de 24 horas após o diagnóstico ocorreu em 52,1 por cento dos casos. Parto abdominal foi realizado em 85,4 por cento dos casos. Os recém-nascidos pesaram em média 975,9 g (DP: 457,5). Vinte e quatro (57,1 por cento) apresentaram Apgar menor que 7 no primeiro minuto e 21,4 por cento, no quinto. A idade gestacional no momento do diagnóstico, o peso ao nascer e o Apgar de primeiro minuto revelaram-se variáveis significativamente relacionadas com o óbito neonatal (valores de p foram, respectivamente, 0,008; 0,004 e 0,020). As razões de chance foi de 6,6; 25,3 e 13,8 para o óbito neonatal, quando o diagnóstico foi estabelecido até a 28ª semana, peso <1000 g e Apgar < 7, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: idade gestacional no momento do diagnóstico, peso ao nascer e Apgar de primeiro minuto foram fatores capazes de predizer o óbito neonatal em gestações com DZ ou DR na doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the antenatal and postnatal risk factors of neonatal death in pregnancies with absent (DZ) or reverse (DR) end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery. METHODS: a cross-sectional retrospective study based on data from 48 medical records of singleton pregnancies with DZ or DR, and gestational age of 24 to 34 weeks, at a maternity in the Brazilian Northeast. Mean age was 27.3 (SD: 7.9) years. Twenty (41.7 percent) patients were primiparas. Hypertensive disorders were found in 44 (91.7 percent) cases. Thirty-five women (72.9 percent) had DZ and 13 (27.1 percent) had DR. Univariate analysis was firstly done (Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test) correlating the parameters with the assessed outcome (neonatal death). Variables that showed significant association were included in the logistic regression model (Wald statistics). The level of significance was set at 5 percent. RESULTS: The perinatal mortality rate was 64.6 percent (31/48). There were five stillbirths and 26 neonatal deaths. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 27.9 (SD: 2.8) weeks. Deliveries before 24 hours after diagnosis occurred in 52.1 percent of the cases. Cesarean section was performed in 85.4 percent of the sample. The newborns weighed 975.9 g on average (SD: 457.5). Twenty-four (57.1 percent) presented Apgar scores below 7 in the first minute and 21.4 percent in the fifth minute. Gestational age at diagnosis, birth weight and Apgar of the first minute proved to be variables significantly related to neonatal death (p values were: 0.008, 0.004, and 0.020, respectively). The Odds Ratio was 6.6, 25.3 and 13.8 for neonatal death, when the diagnosis was established at the 28th week, weight was <1000 g and first minute Apgar score was <7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: gestational age at diagnosis, birth weight and Apgar score at the first minute were factors that could predict neonatal death in pregnancies with DV or DR determined by umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry.

Síndrome de Cushing na gravidez / Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy

A coexistência de síndrome de Cushing e gravidez é pouco freqüente. Quando as duas condiçoes se encontram associadas representam risco de morbimortalidade materna e perinatal. Os primeiros relatos datam de 1953 e, desde entao, só foram documentados cerca de 70 casos. No presente trabalho relatamos um caso de síndrome de Cushing na gravidez, onde abordamos os aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e terapêuticos.